Food security in Germany: self-sufficiency or dependence on imports?

How self-sufficient is Germany really when it comes to food supply?
Have you ever wondered if Germany could feed itself completely? If we could grow everything we eat right here – without relying on imports? The answer is more intriguing than you might think!

How much does Germany produce on its own?

Germany is known for its efficient agriculture. Products like grains, potatoes, milk, and pork are produced in large quantities domestically. In these areas, Germany is almost self-sufficient and can meet a large portion of demand from its own production.

No way around imports: Fruits, vegetables, and exotic foods

For many foods – especially fruits, vegetables, and exotic fruits like avocados, bananas, or citrus fruits – the situation is quite different. Germany heavily relies on imports here. Without deliveries from abroad, supermarket shelves would be pretty empty, especially in winter.

Fun Fact: Germany is the largest importer of fruits and vegetables in the EU. Especially in colder months or for products that simply don't grow in our climate, we rely on imports – from mangoes and papayas to fresh tomatoes and bell peppers.

Year-round enjoyment, but at what cost?

Who wants to give up strawberries in winter or avocado toast nowadays? Our supermarkets offer a wide variety all year round – but that also means: long transport routes, high CO₂ emissions, and growing dependency on global supply chains. When global crises hit – like pandemics, wars, or climate disasters – we feel it right on our plates.

Future trends: More regionality and smart cultivation methods

More and more people are discussing how we can make our food system more resilient. Regional products, seasonal diets, and innovative greenhouses are gaining importance. But full self-sufficiency is unrealistic unless we radically change our eating habits – and who really wants to give up strawberries in December?

Small steps for greater food security

Everyone can contribute:

  • Shop seasonally and locally

  • Consume more consciously

  • Avoid food waste

  • Maybe even grow your own herbs or tomatoes on the windowsill!

With new technologies like high-tech greenhouses, bell peppers and tomatoes could even come from Germany in winter. Until then, a small indoor garden in the kitchen is a great start – no backyard required!

Conclusion: Balance instead of total self-sufficiency

Germany has a strong agricultural sector, but complete self-sufficiency is neither realistic nor necessarily desirable. What matters more is to use our resources mindfully, support local products, and avoid waste. That way, we create more independence and also do something good for the climate and environment.


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